Reference · Beginner

Unit

Lessons in the Unit track.

Who it is for

Readers who landed on a historical path in this section.

You should already know

None.

You will be able to

  • Open the exact public URL for each lesson in this track.

Lessons

  1. Access and Trunk Switch Ports Explained Learn how Cisco-style access and trunk ports carry VLAN traffic, use 802.1Q tags, and are configured, verified, and troubleshot.
  2. MAC Addresses: Identification and Use on Local Networks Learn how MAC addresses identify network interfaces, how switches and ARP use them, how to find them on major platforms, and why MAC filtering is limited security.
  3. Accessing Cisco IOS: Modes, Navigation, and Basic Device Access Learn how to access Cisco IOS through the console, Telnet, and SSH; navigate IOS command modes; use CLI help; verify device state; and save configurations.
  4. Administering Groups: Advanced Management Learn advanced group administration, including group design, membership, nesting, delegated management, permissions, governance, lifecycle tasks, auditing, and troubleshooting.
  5. Advanced SELECT Statements Learn advanced SQL SELECT queries for filtering, computed values, aggregation, grouping, joins, subqueries, set operations, CTEs, and window functions.
  6. APT-GET Command: Package Management on Debian and Ubuntu Learn apt-get on Debian-based Linux systems: update indexes, install, upgrade, remove, inspect, clean, simulate, and troubleshoot packages safely.
  7. Checking Disk Space and Disk Usage Learn how to use df and du to check filesystem capacity, measure directory usage, find large files, and investigate full-disk conditions from the command line.
  8. Computer Networks Explained: Core Concepts and Communication Learn how computer networks connect devices, move data, use protocols and addresses, provide Internet access, and can be secured and troubleshot.
  9. Configure a Static IP Address in Ubuntu Learn how to configure and verify a persistent static IPv4 or IPv6 address in Ubuntu with Netplan, Settings, NetworkManager, or legacy ifupdown.
  10. Configure Banner Ads in iOS Learn how to integrate, configure, lay out, test, and manage adaptive banner ads in UIKit and SwiftUI iOS apps while handling privacy and failures.
  11. Create a Log Entry: Follow-Up Practice Learn to create complete, factual log entries, verify saved records, correct errors, and document follow-up actions accurately.
  12. Create a User Account on Linux Learn how to create, configure, secure, and verify Linux user accounts with useradd, adduser, passwd, groups, and related commands.
  13. CSMA/CD Explained: Ethernet Collision Detection and Backoff Learn how CSMA/CD coordinates shared half-duplex Ethernet, including carrier sensing, collisions, jam signals, slot time, binary exponential backoff, hubs, switches, and duplex troubleshooting.
  14. EIGRP Neighbor Relationships and Adjacency Troubleshooting Learn how EIGRP neighbors discover and maintain adjacencies, verify neighbor tables, configure IPv4 EIGRP, and troubleshoot timers, K values, authentication, and filtering.
  15. Essential Linux Commands 2 Learn intermediate Linux commands for navigating, inspecting, organizing, searching, and processing files safely from the command line.
  16. Understanding the /etc/shadow File Format Learn the nine /etc/shadow fields, password hashes, lock markers, aging policies, permissions, PAM behavior, and safe Linux administration commands.
  17. GRUB 2.2: Linux Bootloader Concepts, Configuration, and Recovery Learn how GRUB 2.2 fits into the Linux boot process, how configuration is generated, how to pass kernel parameters, and how to recover BIOS and UEFI systems safely.
  18. Hard Links: Inodes, Link Counts, and File-System Behavior Learn how Unix hard links use shared inodes, how to create, inspect, and remove them with ln, ls, stat, and rm, and how they differ from symbolic links.
  19. How to Create Subnets Learn how to create IPv4 subnets by choosing CIDR prefixes, borrowing host bits, calculating ranges, assigning gateways, and checking subnet validity.
  20. HTTP/2: Architecture, Features, and Practical Use Learn how HTTP/2 uses binary framing, multiplexed streams, HPACK, flow control, ALPN, and persistent connections, with deployment and troubleshooting examples.
  21. How to Install MySQL on Linux Install MySQL on Debian, Ubuntu, Red Hat, Fedora, Rocky, AlmaLinux, and SUSE. Start, secure, verify, configure, and troubleshoot MySQL Server.
  22. Install Ubuntu 3: Complete the Installation and Verify First Boot Continue the third Ubuntu installation lesson by completing the final installer screens, restarting safely, and verifying that Ubuntu starts correctly.
  23. IP Routing Explained: Route Selection and Forwarding Learn how routers select routes, use longest-prefix matching, forward packets, and troubleshoot static, dynamic, default, and looping routes.
  24. Less Text Viewer 2 Learn how to use a text viewer to open, navigate, search, read, copy, and safely inspect plain-text files.
  25. How to Modify a Table in a Word Processing Document Learn how to edit a document table by selecting cells, adding or deleting rows and columns, resizing, merging, aligning, formatting, and reviewing changes.
  26. Modify File Permissions: Numeric Modes, Special Permissions, and Access Control Learn to inspect and modify Linux file permissions with ls, chmod, numeric and symbolic modes, recursive changes, special bits, ownership, and troubleshooting.
  27. MySQL Date and Time Functions Learn MySQL date and time functions for storing, extracting, formatting, converting, calculating, comparing, and filtering DATE, TIME, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP values.
  28. OSPF Clear-Text Authentication Configuration and Verification Learn how to configure, verify, and troubleshoot Cisco IOS OSPF simple password authentication between neighboring routers.
  29. Primary Keys in Database Tables Learn what primary keys are, why relational tables need them, and how to choose, define, and maintain effective single-column or composite keys in SQL.
  30. Private IP Addresses: RFC 1918 Ranges, NAT, and Network Planning Learn what private IPv4 addresses are, the RFC 1918 ranges, subnet planning, DHCP, default gateways, NAT, PAT, and common troubleshooting steps.
  31. Schedule Periodic Jobs with Anacron Learn how Anacron runs daily, weekly, and monthly Linux maintenance jobs on systems that may be powered off or asleep.
  32. Shut Down the System Learn how to safely shut down a computer, prepare open work, choose the right power option, and handle forced shutdowns.
  33. SQL Commands and Syntax Learn SQL command categories, syntax patterns, table design, queries, joins, transactions, permissions, subqueries, and safe database practices.
  34. Tcpdump Command: Packet Capture and Analysis Learn tcpdump syntax, interfaces, BPF filters, TCP and DNS troubleshooting, pcap files, payload inspection, and safe long-running packet captures.
  35. VMware Tools Explained: Installation, Features, and Administration Learn what VMware Tools does, how to install and upgrade it on Windows and Linux VMs, how to verify its status, and how to troubleshoot common integration problems.
  36. What Is a Router? Learn what a router does, how it forwards IP packets between LANs and WANs, and how routers use NAT, DHCP, firewalls, and Wi-Fi.
  37. What Is Linux? Learn what Linux is, how the kernel differs from a distribution, how Linux manages a computer, where it is used, and how to try it safely.
  38. What Is MySQL? A Beginner-Friendly Guide to Relational Databases Learn what MySQL is, how it uses SQL, how relational databases work, and how applications store, query, and protect data with MySQL.
  39. Understanding Disk Partitioning: Concepts, Types, and Uses Learn what disk partitioning is, how disks, partitions, volumes, and filesystems relate, and how MBR, GPT, formatting, and safe partition management work.
  40. Adding and Deleting URLs Safely Learn what URLs are, how applications store them, and how to add, validate, review, replace, and delete URL entries safely.
  41. Apache2 Configuration Files: Structure, Directives, Virtual Hosts, and Safe Changes Learn the Debian and Ubuntu Apache2 configuration layout, directives, virtual hosts, modules, HTTPS, rewrites, validation, logging, and safe reloads.
  42. Create Workers 1: Worker Units and Creation Workflow Learn how to create worker units, validate resources and spawn locations, set ownership and idle state, and verify successful production.
  43. Determine the Operating System on a Computer Learn how to identify Windows, macOS, Linux, ChromeOS, Android, and iOS versions, editions, builds, distributions, kernels, and system architectures.
  44. How to Interpret Security Scan Results Learn how to validate security scan findings, distinguish real risks from noise, prioritize remediation, rescan systems, and report results clearly.
  45. Specify Port Ranges in Network and Firewall Rules Learn to define, validate, secure, test, and troubleshoot contiguous TCP and UDP port ranges in firewalls, ACLs, NAT, forwarding, and cloud security rules.
  46. Getting Started with Nmap Learn to install Nmap, run safe basic scans, interpret port states, identify services, save results, and build a permission-based scanning workflow.
  47. TCP and UDP Ports: How Network Services Use Port Numbers Learn how TCP and UDP ports identify network services, how client-server connections use source and destination ports, and how to inspect, test, and secure ports.
  48. Timing Options Learn how delays, durations, intervals, deadlines, timeouts, and schedules control system behavior, and how to select, test, and tune timing values.
  49. UDP Port Scanning: Methods, Interpretation, and Safe Practice Learn how UDP port scanning works, interpret open, closed, filtered, and open|filtered results, use Nmap safely, validate findings, and reduce UDP exposure.
  50. Integrating VMware vCenter Server with Active Directory Learn how vCenter SSO, Active Directory identity sources, roles, permissions, groups, testing, and troubleshooting work together.
  51. VMware vSphere Components: Architecture, Services, and Infrastructure Roles Learn how vSphere, ESXi, vCenter Server, clusters, storage, networking, vMotion, HA, and DRS work together.
  52. Configure Apache HTTP Server as a Forward Proxy Learn how to configure Apache HTTP Server as a restricted HTTP and HTTPS forward proxy, including access controls, CONNECT tunneling, authentication, testing, logging, hardening, and troubleshooting.
  53. Monitor Logs Using Forwarders Learn how to install, configure, secure, deploy, validate, and troubleshoot log forwarders for reliable centralized log collection.
  54. Useful Terminal Commands Learn essential Unix-like terminal commands for files, directories, searching, permissions, processes, archives, networking, and safe command-line work.
  55. What Is a Raspberry Pi? Learn what a Raspberry Pi is, how its hardware and software work, what you can build with it, what you need to get started, and how it compares with PCs and microcontrollers.
  56. Browse VMFS Datastores in VMware vSphere Learn how to find VMFS datastores, open the vSphere datastore browser, inspect virtual machine files, verify host access, and avoid unsafe file operations.
  57. Apache Default Virtual Host Learn how Apache selects a default virtual host, configures HTTP and HTTPS fallbacks, orders site files, and validates hostname routing safely.
  58. Enable SSH on Raspberry Pi OS (Raspbian) Learn how to enable SSH on Raspberry Pi OS, connect remotely, prepare a headless Pi, verify the service, troubleshoot connections, and secure remote access.
  59. Install Raspbian on a Raspberry Pi Learn how to choose, configure, write, boot, and verify Raspbian, now called Raspberry Pi OS, on a Raspberry Pi.
  60. MAC Addresses: Identification, Structure, and Ethernet Use Learn how MAC addresses identify network interfaces, how Ethernet formats and uses them, how switches learn them, and how ARP resolves local IPv4 destinations.
  61. Motion Detector: Measuring Position, Velocity, and Motion Graphs Learn how an ultrasonic motion detector measures distance and how to use position-time and velocity-time graphs to investigate motion.
  62. How to Overclock a Raspberry Pi Safely Learn how to overclock a Raspberry Pi safely: identify compatible settings, prepare cooling and power, measure performance, test stability, monitor heat, and recover from boot failures.
  63. What Is a Web Server? Learn what a web server is, how browsers use HTTP and HTTPS to request content, and how servers handle static files, applications, security, hosting, and scaling.
  64. What Is Nmap? Network Discovery and Port Scanning Basics Learn what Nmap is, how host discovery and port scanning work, what Nmap can detect, how to interpret results, and how to use it safely in authorized environments.