String functions

Python offers a lot of functions that enable you to modify strings. For example, there are functions to transform all characters in a string to uppercase, obtain the length of a string, strip leading and trailing spaces in a string, etc.

Here is a brief description of some of the commonly used functions:

  • capitalize() – capitalizes the first letter of a string.
  • isdigit() – returns True if a string contains only digits.
  • islower() – returns True if all alphabetic characters are in lowercase.
  • len(string) – obtains the length of string.
  • lower() – converts all uppercase letters to lowercase.
  • upper() – converts all lowercase letters to uppercase.
  • strip() – strips all leading and trailing whitespace characters.
  • swapcase() – inverts the case of each alphabetic character.

Here are a couple of examples:

 >>> newString='Hello world!'
 >>> len(newString)
 12
 >>> newString.isdigit()
 False
 >>> newString.islower()
 False
 >>> newString.lower()
 'hello world!'
 >>> newString.swapcase()
 'hELLO WORLD!'
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